Ultra-Low Sulfur Diesel (ULSD) conforming to EN 590 is the global benchmark automotive diesel fuel for modern compression-ignition engines. It is engineered to meet stringent environmental regulations while delivering high combustion efficiency, engine protection, and full compatibility with advanced emission-control technologies.
EN 590 ULSD is mandatory across the European Union and widely adopted in Asia, the Middle East, Africa, and international export markets. It supports Euro IV, V, and VI emission standards and is suitable for on-road vehicles, industrial equipment, agriculture, construction machinery, and power-generation systems.
Technical Specifications (Typical EN 590)
| Parameter | Typical Value |
|---|---|
| Sulfur Content | ≤ 10 ppm |
| Cetane Number | Minimum 51 |
| Density @ 15°C | 820 – 845 kg/m³ |
| Kinematic Viscosity @ 40°C | 2.0 – 4.5 cSt |
| Flash Point | ≥ 55°C |
| Distillation (95% recovered) | ≤ 360°C |
| PAH Content | ≤ 8% |
| Ash Content | ≤ 0.01% |
| Water Content | ≤ 200 mg/kg |
Chemical & Physical Characteristics
Ultra-Low Sulfur Profile:
Dramatically reduces SOx emissions, particulate matter, and acid rain formation. Prevents catalyst poisoning and extends the life of DPF and SCR systems.
Cetane Quality:
Ensures faster ignition, smoother cold starts, reduced engine knock, and lower NOx and HC emissions.
Lubricity Enhancement:
Mandatory lubricity additives protect high-pressure common-rail fuel systems, injectors, and pumps under severe operating conditions.
Oxidation & Storage Stability:
Stabilized with antioxidants, corrosion inhibitors, and optional biocides to ensure long-term storage integrity.
Refining & Production Process
Atmospheric distillation of middle-distillate fractions
Severe hydrodesulfurization (HDS) to achieve ≤10 ppm sulfur
Optional hydrocracking to improve cetane and reduce aromatics
Dewaxing to enhance cold-flow properties
Final blending with cetane improvers, CFPP additives, lubricity enhancers, and demulsifiers
Cold Flow & Climate Performance
| Climate Grade | CFPP (°C) |
|---|---|
| Summer | 0 to −5 |
| Winter | −15 to −20 |
| Arctic | −32 to −44 |
These grades ensure reliable cold starts, no fuel gelling, and smooth fuel-filter performance across diverse climates.
Compatibility with Bio-Components
EN 590 permits up to 7% FAME (B7) biodiesel blending.
Fully compatible with modern diesel engines.
Reduces lifecycle carbon emissions while requiring enhanced oxidation and water-management additives.
Applications
Passenger vehicles, trucks, buses, logistics fleets
Construction and mining machinery
Agricultural tractors and harvesters
Diesel generators and standby power systems
Environmental & Regulatory Compliance
Complies with EU Fuel Quality Directive
Supports Euro IV / V / VI emission standards
Lower toxic exhaust particulates and greenhouse gas emissions
Advantages Over Conventional Diesel
Cleaner combustion and reduced maintenance
Extended engine and after-treatment system life
Improved fuel efficiency
Superior cold-weather operability
Trade & Logistics Information
Common export forms: Bulk, ISO Tank, Flexitank
Indicative HS Code: 2710.19
Typical origin: Europe, Middle East, Asia refineries
Shelf life: 6–12 months with proper storage and additives